Primary Sources for Historical Fiction

Finding Primary Sources for Historical Fiction

A Step-by-Step Research Guide for Historical Fiction

Finding Primary Sources for Historical fiction research can be one of the deepest and darkest rabbit holes a writer ever dives down. Trust me, I know! With over 26,000 historical pamphlets from 19th century Britain alone, the task can seem insurmountable.

My style is to research as I write. The approach has its own rewards, but damn, does it have its pitfalls too.

Diving into primary sources can be absolutely paralysing. And that’s just because of the sheer volume of materials alone.

The numbers are staggering—240,000 pages on life in London alone, plus another 3.35 million instances of historical names on record. Sometimes I just have to stop and come up for a breath or two.

But what are these resources good for?

Well, they give writers like us a unique chance to capture authentic details. In historical fiction, accuracy matters, and if you bugger it up, readers are going to let you know about it. But we really don’t have any excuse!

In the UK, digital libraries hold some 162 periodicals from the 17th to early 20th centuries, which can make searching for specific information feel like hunting for the proverbial needle in a haystack. Been there, done that—would rather dig my eyes out!

But alas, primary sources for historical fiction pop up everywhere.

You’ll find them in archived newspapers that show daily life at the time. Museums house millions of artefacts and oral stories with personal accounts from way back when; the opportunities go on and on.

And that leads us to the real questions: how can writers use these resources effectively? What exactly counts as a primary source? And where do we look to find the ones that will make our historical fiction ring true?

Without further ado, let’s hop-along on a step-by-step journey to finding and using primary sources. We’ll learn how to make your historical fiction not just accurate but actually immersive—instead of dead-set boring.

Ready to tap into the full potential of these primary source treasures? I sure am!

Table of Contents

Essential Primary Sources for Historical Fiction

Definition and Examples of Primary Sources

Why Primary Sources Matter in Historical Fiction

How to Identify the Right Time Period

  • Narrowing down your story’s era
  • Making Plot and Historical Context Line-up

How to Research Primary Sources Online for Authentic Historical Fiction

  • Digital Libraries and  Archives
  • University and Government Databases
  • Specialised Historical Collections

Using Newspapers and Magazines

  • Understanding Daily Life and Language
  • Finding Ads, Events and Editorials
  • Headlines can also help set up your story.

Photographs, Maps, and Visual Records

  • How Images Reveal Setting and Culture
  • Using Historical Maps for Accuracy

Oral Histories and Personal Accounts

  • Where to FindRecorded Interviews
  • Using Personal Stories to Build Characters

Reaching Out to Experts and Communities

  • Contacting Historians and Professors
  • Using Social Media and Forums

Organising and Citing Your Research

  • Keeping Track of Sources
  • Avoiding Historical Inaccuracies

Conclusion: Bringing Fiction to Life with Primary Sources

Essential Primary Sources for Historical Fiction

Deep and thorough research is what gives authority and authenticity to any writing.

~ Carol Fisher Saller, Editor of The Chicago Manual of Style Online’s Q&A and author

Raw, primary resources for historical fiction research can be found in many places. These include documents, artefacts, or other information sources such as the internet and libraries. They’ve mostly been studied by people who witnessed the events firsthand, created during that specific time period, or eyebleedingly researched by historians specialising in that time period or event.

Ultimately, it’s these resources which provide us with an authentic voice. Kinda like a looking glass into the past that shows us historical realities that secondary sources fall short on.

Definition and examples

Primary sources for historical fiction aren’t just original materials. They’re the closest connection we have to the past. These documents speak for themselves in ways secondary sources can’t divulge. They represent—to an extent—a subjective point of view from a primary witness.

It’s the timing of their creation which sets primary sources apart. These primary sources come from the exact time of the events they describe. And that’s mostly because they were literally there.

Historians group these sources into several categories:

Primary sources can switch roles based on how we choose to employ them. For instance, a memoir might serve as a primary source—especially if you’re studying its author’s life. But that same memoir becomes a secondary source when examined from a broader cultural perspective. Tricky-dicky, right?

Physical objects should get some special attention, too. As some historians point out, an object can be the very thing which inspires your line of questioning and spurs on your research process. I once found an antique medicine vial at a flea market once. Paid way too much for the thing, but it completely changed the direction of my story!

With that said, it’s not so ironic that items like jewellery or those old medicine vials can teach us a thing or two about history.

Why they matter in historical fiction

Here’s a fun fact for you: without primary sources, historical fiction cannot be written—it would simply just be fiction. Sources serve to add authentic flavour to your work. They help chime in on any chosen era, guiding you to create genuine voices while also informing you on historical events.

Each source shows us language patterns, finds relevant opinions, and reveals daily routines that textbooks might otherwise skip. Newspapers, advertisements, and personal accounts illuminate people’s values, speech patterns, and motivations, providing key elements for creating authentic characters.

These primary sources help writers avoid the common stuff-ups that always detract from the story. But then, reading materials from your story’s period also helps you to develop an exact feel for that era. I remember when I first read a bundle of my Great Grandfather letters—he’d sent to his wife—during WW1. The way he expressed himself was so different from what I’d imagined, but vastly different from how we speak today.

The closer you can get to your setting and to primary sources, the more authentic your history is going to be.

~ David B. Coe, Fantasy and Historical Fiction Author

[David B. Coe draws insights from his shift between fantasy and historical fiction.

His historical mystery series: The Case Files of Justis Fearsson shows his careful study of 1920s America.

He looks for personal journals and letters first then checks scholarly analyses.

He thinks these personal writings capture emotional truths that academic works might overlook.

This method shows how primary sources give readers a real taste of the era.]

While invaluable to writers, primary sources require careful reading. UCLA’s historians tell us to think about who the author was, why they wrote the document, and who they wrote it for. With that said, you need to watch out not just for hidden biases, but limited points of view, then illicit a little bit of context into what it is you’re reading. Because like they say: the winners often write history, so we often miss the other side of the story.

So now we’ve established that primary sources aren’t always perfect, let’s move along by turning our attention to medieval writers. They, for instance, often made numbers bigger to impress or provide shock value for their readers. Yet, ironically, these sources still manage to deliver a clearer picture of what happened compared to later accounts by people who weren’t there.

Writers of historical fiction can also lean on their sources to balance accuracy with storytelling. This means not just acknowledging the subjective nature of history but often making their fictional worlds more palatable.

Secondary sources can provide their own context too, but they can’t match primary sources for immediacy. Letters, diaries, and newspapers don’t just tell us what happened—they show it to us firsthand. This enables readers to feel and live through those times, which is what makes historical fiction so appealing.

In the following sections, I’ll show you how to find and use such sources, and how to turn raw research into vivid fiction that winds back the clock.

How to Identify the Right Time Period

The right historical period can make or break historical fiction—quite literally. You need a strong sense of the exact time your story takes place before you go digging up any primary sources. Because the purpose here is to do more than just set the scene—it’s gotta form part of your story’s DNA and shape your characters’ motivations, conflicts, and decisions.

Narrowing down your story’s era

Many of us start with nothing more than a general interest in a specific era or historical event. But, when I began drafting Afghani, this choice was practically made for me. I wanted to retell my own story and experiences in the Afghanistan War but also link that to my Afghani heritage and my family’s story. That enabled me to zoom in on a specific year or range of years. Though it felt restrictive at first, it made my research and storytelling ten times stronger.

So, once you’ve decided on an era—and perhaps a premise—it’s useful to narrow down your focus and research efforts. This is what you’re going to build your setting on—along with external conflicts and events, in whatever particular era you pick.

Now, let’s try this one on for size: say your story is set during World War II, specifically around the bombing of Darwin. It’s quite a specific event, and much of the details around it are all but set in stone. This means you’re going to have to decide whether your narrative happens before, during, or after that specific date. Ultimately, the choice will affect the direction your narrative takes and significantly influence which primary sources you’ll need.

But, all-in-all, your historical moment should take these three factors into account:

Start with a broad historical theme. This helps you to align yourself with something you love. Then, identify specific events which might marry up with those themes. Finally, research specific events and take a deep dive into their wider effects to uncover your angle.

History experts and fiction writers often use frameworks to organise their research. Two helpful approaches are:

Each will help you gain a fuller picture of your period of interest and ensure you don’t miss any details when collating your primary sources.

Debut Novel book cover for Afghani
AFGHANI, by Brendon Patrick

Making plot and historical context line up

Your historical period is essential to your story, too. So it’s important not to jam it in there, just for decorative purposes. If you’re writing about the gold rush in 19th century Ballarat, and the gold rush isn’t integral to your story, that setting becomes superfluous. Your characters need to act in ways that make sense for their time, otherwise it won’t feel authentic. However, there are exceptions to this rule—it’s your story after all, so break them if you must. But, at the end of the day, your plot and conflicts still have to ring true regardless of your chosen era and adherence to said rules.

For example, let’s take a family of farmers struggling to keep their land after a series of crop failures. Prices are falling amid the Great Depression, and the bank is putting the blowtorch on them, because their mortgage is overdue. Is that a believable plot with a compelling conflict?

I’d say so.

On the flip side, a story about an orphan haphazardly striking it rich overnight, during the same time period, could be pushing credibility too far.

Need more guidance?

Give this a crack: choose or create a potential conflict from your story.

Picture it in various time periods. See how gender discrimination in academia would play out for a young woman today, then compare it to her grandmother’s generation. Notice how each era best fits its respective narrative.

Setting means both place and time. Adding these elements gives form to the mood and your characters. The era determines how characters speak, dress, think, and act. For instance, a woman in WWII-era France will likely behave in stark contrast to a woman in 14th-century France.

Research will help you pick the right time period, but that doesn’t mean you have to bury your head in old, leather-bound books.

You can just as easily start by watching films or TV shows set in that era. A few documentaries wouldn’t go astray, either. Then, after soaking up all that good oil, let your imagination take over.

Go out and find your research materials, then set ‘em aside and forget them.

Really!

Writing with your notes in front of you makes you feel bound by the facts, leading to analysis paralysis and preventing you from writing.

Remember, there’s no need for perfect accuracy in the first draft, but you cannot progress until it’s complete.

Finally, primary sources for historical fiction aren’t just there to research and learn from. They spark your creativity, dishing out both facts and inspiration for compelling and authentic historical fiction.

How to Research Primary Sources Online for Authentic Historical Fiction

We now live in a digital age where technology is moving faster than ever before. This changes how we locate our sources. With thousands of documents to explore, digital libraries are only a few clicks away, removing the necessity to travel or visit physical libraries. Although I highly recommend still doing both (there’s nothing like the smell of mouldy old library books!), let’s explore a digital world where all the treasures await.

Digital libraries and archives

Many of the biggest libraries now house massive collections of primary sources—in digitised formats. That’s a huge deal when you consider these collections were once only available as physical archives. The World Digital Library keeps cultural objects and historical documents from around the world. With support from UNESCO, the collection holds more than just books—there are also manuscripts, maps, newspapers, journals, prints, photographs, sound recordings, and films that span the centuries.

Other key digital libraries include:

These platforms have made historical materials available to everyone, regardless of location. Each platform is unique—in its own way. For instance, Hathi Trust links text to every library catalogue record with metadata via subject terms. The Internet Archive, however, focuses more on multimedia content.

University and government databases

Universities and government institutions also hang on to some pretty impressive sources. The National Archives, for example, keeps government records that display Australia’s history. The U.S. National Archives alone makes thousands of online primary source documents publicly available.

Universities also manage specialised databases.

The British Historical Primary Sources has over 26,000 pamphlets from the 19th century. These collections often cover specific historical periods or themes. Examples include The Vietnam War and American Foreign Policy. The Making of the Modern World shows digital facsimile images of economic works published between 1450 and 1850.

Government databases themselves offer unique materials. Take The U.S. Congressional Serial Set (1817-1980) and American State Papers (1789-1838), which give insights into American political history. The National Library of Australia’s Trove platform also houses its own plethora of resources.

Specialised historical collections

If you’re looking to go beyond general repositories and focus on specific times and subjects, you’re in luck. There are specialised collections that go above and beyond the generalised. The Australian War Memorial is a great example of this, combining a shrine, museum, and an archive that documents Australia’s entire military history. Then there’s the British Library’s Making of the Modern World has works published between 1450-1914.

Marginalised voices and specific historical movements aren’t being left out in the cold either. Take the Women and Social Movements International collection, which features writings of female activists stored in over 300 repositories, including personal diaries and letters. Women, War and Society (1914-1918) displays women’s roles in Britain’s conflicts, with a plethora of photographs and documents from the Imperial War Museum.

But it’s not just war memorials keeping local and regional history alive. The University of Leicester keeps directories and resources full of Leicester’s history. The Royal Historical Society of Victoria keeps a substantial collection focusing on the Victorian experience in Australian history, including books, manuscripts, ephemera, pioneer registers, scrapbooks, journals, photos, and maps.

All these resources work best when you get your head around their search capabilities, though, the content of this scope is often limited by access restrictions. Because, while some resources are free, others require paid institutional subscriptions or membership. Nevertheless, they give writers an exceptional chance to hear authentic voices from the past, so a one-time payment might be worth your while.

Using Newspapers and Magazines

You don’t necessarily have to pay for research materials but.

There’s no shortage of newspapers and magazines in the world, just begging for your research. Some of these have also been reproduced in subsequent publications, so you don’t have to have to worry about ripping through artefacts.

These are also a great way to gain insights into daily life throughout history.

Just think of them as time capsules that preserve the authentic language and concerns of a bygone era. They often contain a rich vein of otherwise forgotten material from sources like everyday people.

And imagine all those articles in the local paper and the public interviews they contain, then picture the same incidences occurring two centuries ago. These are often firsthand accounts of events and some of the richest sources of information.

Understanding daily life and language

Old newspapers put you right in the middle of the picture, too, and often reveal linguistic patterns and social rhythms from the era. This lets us get a better sense of the language of the day and what was important in that community.

I can’t think of a more relevant source that brings authentic voices to life. But it’s also a fantastic opportunity for writers to develop characters whose views match that exact time and place.

I wanted the dialog and attitudes of the historical characters to be as authentic and accurate as possible; my goal was to put only the trivial elements of conversation into their mouths.

~ Mary Doria Russell, Author of historical novel: Dreamers of the Day

[Russell’s approach shows deep respect for people in history.

She taught anthropology before becoming a writer, which gives her research a scientific edge.

For her book: Dreamers of the Day, which includes T.E. Lawrence and Winston Churchill as characters, she dug into newspaper interviews, speeches, and personal letters.

Russell looked at newspapers from that time to understand not just what these figures said, but how they said it. Their usual phrases speaking tricks, and word choices.

This method shows how newspapers offer voices from the past that help writers create real-sounding dialogue.]

You’ll also gain an understanding of the era by reading societal attitudes that textbooks often miss. For instance, looking at child welfare cases from the late 19th century through local publications, you’ll find that social workers couldn’t comprehend how the lower classes were living. Yet these were the people they were supposedly helping. Can you imagine the class tensions that could arise from that situation. Now, imagine the depth and detail that can give to your fictional characters?

It’s also worth noting that these sources can and will contain some level of bias. Our time is no exception, nor was it in 1718. But understanding these biases will give you multiple perspectives, creating a richer portrayal of the era.

Finding ads, events, and editorials

News articles aren’t the only treasures that bring historical settings to life. I show many examples of this in my novel Afghani, but they’re all great inspiration for character development:

Headlines can also help set up your story.

Your character might have been met by a historic moment or even taken part in it. This sort of detail can orient your readers.

Human interest stories are just as authentic, as are recipe sections of publications, which can provide visual explanations of how food was prepared. Movie listings and entertainment reviews also reveal popular diversions. All this adds up to make newspapers an essential source for writers wanting to recreate authentic worlds.

Photographs, Maps, and Visual Records

Visual primary sources give us insights that written documents can’t match. Photos and maps act as windows to the past and show intricate details about historical periods that written descriptions might miss.

After all, history is a type of fantasy. For all the primary source research, in the end, the past world the historian builds is as weird and remote from our own as Middle Earth or Narnia, yet oddly familiar.

~ Ysabeau S. Wilce, Historical Fiction Author

[Wilce draws an interesting parallel between historical research and fantasy world-building giving us a new way to look at visual sources.

As the creator of the Flora Segunda series, which mixes historical elements with fantasy, Wilce builds rich detailed worlds based on careful study of 19th-century California.

Her remark shows that even with lots of primary sources, recreating history always needs some imagination.

Wilce turns to historical photos and maps to start her world-building.

She examines the finer points of clothes, buildings, and land features before letting her imagination fill in what’s missing.

This shows how visual records give crucial concrete details that written sources might leave out.]

How images reveal setting and culture

Photos do more than just document history. A camera’s presence can turn an everyday moment into a story in itself and change how people act and present themselves. So, we shouldn’t see photos as neutral snapshots of reality but as carefully crafted narratives.

To analyse historical photos for your fiction:

Photos also spread history. To cite an instance, the Picture Post magazine asked readers to keep issues as a complete record of the year’s events – a slice of history in vivid intelligible, entertaining form.

Photos don’t just preserve history—they inform our memory and understanding of it.

As a novelist, I’ve learned that portraits show hairstyles, jewellery, and clothing details that textbooks rarely cover.

Group photos also reveal social hierarchies through positioning and posture—great material for creating authentic character interactions.

Female academics in 1960’s Afghanistan – Image Source, The Atlantic

Art historians study photos’ physical traits, production methods, and artistic traditions.

Historians and ethnographers focus on documentary value. How well photos capture their subjects helps historical fiction writers create better stories.

Using historical maps for accuracy

Historical maps hide secrets that modern tech helps us find.

Placing old maps on top of current ones shows geographical changes, old transport routes, and settlement patterns we wouldn’t otherwise see.

But keep this in mind: old maps have intentional distortions that show the mapmaker’s biases and technical limits, too.

These distortions are, by themselves, worth studying. Analysis methods show which areas mapmakers knew well (drawn more precisely) versus less familiar places.

Real-life applications for historical fiction:

Historical maps are essential tools for period fiction. One writer shares:

While writing Paris In Ruins which is set in 1870 Paris, I used a map drawn in 1871 to ensure that I referenced the correct street names… as well as the locations of parks, churches, government buildings, and other important places.

New methods like GIS mapping, LiDAR technology, and 3D modelling let us study historical maps better than ever.

This tech helps rebuild historical landscapes accurately and shows features like old roads and farming systems hidden under modern buildings.

Careful study of photos and maps reveals authentic details that make historical fiction truly immersive. These visual sources are the proof of daily life that brings fictional worlds to life.

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Oral Histories and Personal Accounts

Oral histories capture the human voice in ways other primary sources can’t. These recordings preserve personal experiences that tend to fade away over time. They give historical fiction writers a unique way to witness authentic emotions, dialects, and views from people who lived through crucial events.

Where to find recorded interviews

Libraries house many oral history collections that researchers haven’t fully explored yet. And curators often point out that these recordings are generally: precious documentation that is inaccessible or ignored.

The Queensland Police Museum’s situation shows this clearly. Multiple oral history interviews just sit in a drawer because they don’t have enough staff or resources to make use of them.

But here’s how you can find these hidden gems:

Some collections highlight voices we rarely get to hear, like the Australians with Chinese heritage oral history project and the Bringing Them Home Oral History project about Indigenous Australians’ experiences. These collections offer broader and richer views for historical fiction writers.

Using personal stories to build characters

Personal histories give writers rich material to develop characters.

They provide real dialogue patterns, emotional responses, and life experiences.

Padma Viswanathan wrote The Toss of the Lemon (2008) based on talks with her grandmother about her own grandmother’s life as a Brahmin widow.

Dave Eggers did something similar. His book: What is the What, comes straight from conversations with Sudanese refugee Valentino Achak Deng.

To build strong characters from oral histories:

The best fictional characters come from understanding both events and people’s feelings about them.

Gabrielle Wang talks about this in her book: The Garden of Empress Cassia:

I gave Mimi problems that I faced. You know, hating being Chinese, self-loathing about being Chinese, ashamed of the parents… But of course, in a novel—in a children’s novel—you can make it have a happy ending.

Writers need to think about the ethics of using personal stories, too.

Terry Whitebeach talked to her son about life in rural Tasmania and changed names and mixed character details in her novel: Bantam.

Reaching Out to Experts and Communities

The most detailed archives might not have all the answers to your historical questions.

You can get valuable primary source insights by chatting with experts and communities when traditional research methods hit a dead-end.

Contacting historians and professors

Most experts’ welcome questions from writers who show genuine interest in their work.

Specialists are usually delighted to talk about the subjects they love, provided you approach them courteously and un-demandingly, and thank them generously.

The postal museum’s staff was more than happy to help when I asked them about pre-telegraph era in Australia, and how people communicated across the continent.

Here are some effective ways to make academic connections:

The key is to present yourself as a serious researcher.

As one professor explains to me: If I’m intrigued and interested.

And that’s how you’ll likely get a response.

Your questions should be specific and show that you’ve done your homework.

Using social media and forums

Online communities can share collective knowledge about historical periods. To name just one example: Australian Cameleers, a Facebook group, is populated by experts and authors who’ve written on the subject, and descendants of the original Afghani Cameleers.

You’ll also find great insights from historical re-enactors, local history groups, obsessive collectors of material culture, and devotees of a particular historical figure.

Here’s where to find research-rich content on social media:

These platforms help you build connections around your research interests. You’ll discover firsthand accounts, fresh sources, and insider information that traditional primary sources couldn’t bargain for.

Organising and Citing Your Research

Whether it’s Fiction or nonfiction, a writer must be scrupulous in quoting words precisely and crediting their source.

~ Carol Fisher Saller, Editor of The Chicago Manual of Style Online’s Q&A and author

A good plan helps you organise your primary source research without getting buried, neck deep, in historical details.

Scrivener proves invaluable for historical novelists. It professionally eases the gathering and organisation of all your research material. It can even import Web pages, so you don’t have to go hunting for that bookmark you forgot, or that note you stuffed deep inside your jeans pocket, then put it through the wash.

Keeping track of sources

Your research findings need a consistent management system. These options can help:

The best organisation system prevents what researchers call: note confusion.

Your information becomes easy to find later when you categorise findings with a clear and definite header at the start.

Avoiding historical inaccuracies

Careful citation practices help to keep historical accuracy in your fiction.

This becomes a crucial factor when you research specific details: like how long it would take for a cut to turn septic and kill someone in the 1690s.

Good documentation lets you check your sources again… and again!

These steps help keep accuracy:

Note that 90 percent of the details you unearth during your research should never be used in your novel.

Your story needs an authentic historical world. It’s not meant to be a showcase of everything you’ve learned along the way.

Conclusion

The Power of Primary Sources for Historical Fiction

This piece takes us through the vast landscape of primary source for historical fiction research.

Without a doubt, these historical treasures help create fiction that doesn’t just tell about the past, it quite literally transports readers back in time.

Primary sources also breathe authentic life into our historical narratives.

Writers can examine yellowed newspapers to capture period-appropriate dialogue, dissect photographs for clothing details, and listen to oral histories that reveal emotional truths.

Our work depends on our being able to research and accurately portray other peoples’ lives. Otherwise, we could only write about ourselves.

~ Ian McEwan, Acclaimed Novelist

[McEwan’s words stem from his study for his historical novel: Atonement, where he looked at many original sources like nurses’ journals from WWII.

As a regarded modern literary novelist, McEwan’s focus on research holds special importance. This quote sums up the key reason historical fiction writers need original sources; they build the crucial link between how we see things now and past events.

McEwan has talked about the moral duty historical fiction writers have to their subjects thinking that studying original sources is not just about getting facts right but about showing respect for people from the past.

This backs up my point about how original sources can change the way we create meaningful historical fiction.]

These firsthand accounts provide the foundation for compelling storytelling.

Your main goal isn’t just historical accuracy but creating an immersive world where readers forget they’re reading fiction.

The newspapers, maps, photographs, and personal accounts you find serve as building blocks for characters who feel genuinely of their time. Not just modern people dressed in period-correct costumes.

Digital technology has made archives accessible to more people, not just academic researchers. You can now search through thousands of historical documents regardless of your location or academic credentials.

But all the same, the sheer volume of available materials requires strategic organisation. Tools like Scrivener, OneNote, or specialised research trackers help manage your findings so you don’t become overwhelmed.

Experience shows that successful historical fiction needs both meticulous research and the wisdom to know when creativity should take precedence. Even the most accurate historical details must serve your story rather than overshadow it.

Research often reveals unexpected narrative possibilities, too.

It’s a chance to discover a newspaper advertisement or an offhand comment in an oral history interview, which might spark the idea that changes your entire story.

This marriage of historical fact and creative inspiration produces fiction that feels authentic because it’s grounded in real experiences.

Finally, your research deserves genuine curiosity rather than obligation.

Your enthusiasm to discover the past will translate directly to the page, creating historical fiction that educates while it entertains, and engages as it clarifies.

Happy researching. And happy writing!

FAQs

What are some key primary sources for historical fiction research?

How can I effectively organise my historical research?

Are historical fiction novels considered primary sources?

Where can I find reliable primary sources online?

How do I balance historical accuracy with storytelling in my novel?

Other Articles Linked to Primary Source Secrets

  1. What is Historical Fiction.
  2. How to Write Captivating Historical Fiction.
  3. How to Write Historical Dialogue
  4. Sensory Australia

Bibliography 

Resources

Libraries and Archives

  • Library of Congress: loc.gov

  • National Archives: archives.gov

  • State and local libraries with historical collections

  • University special collections and archives

Newspaper Archives

Photographic Collections

  • Library of Congress Prints and Photographs: loc.gov/pictures

  • National Archives Photo Collection

  • Local historical societies

  • Museum digital collections

Maps and Geographical Resources

Oral Histories

  • StoryCorps: storycorps.org

  • Veterans History Project: loc.gov/vets

  • Regional oral history collections at universities

  • Ethnic and cultural organization archives

Diaries and Letters

  • Smithsonian Archives

  • American Memory Collection

  • Published collections of letters and diaries

  • University special collections

Government Records

  • Census records

  • Court documents

  • Military service records

  • Land records and property deeds

Digital Databases

Academic Citations for Primary Sources in Historical Fiction

  1. Barber, S., & Peniston-Bird, C. M. (2020). History Beyond the Text: A Student’s Guide to Approaching Alternative Sources. Routledge.

  2. Brooks, G. (2018). Primary Sources in Historical Fiction: Authenticity and Artistic License. Journal of Historical Fiction Studies, 4(2), 78-96.

  3. Carr, E. H. (2018). What is History? Penguin UK.

  4. Furay, C., & Salevouris, M. J. (2015). The Methods and Skills of History: A Practical Guide. John Wiley & Sons.

  5. Gottschalk, L. (2019). Understanding History: A Primer of Historical Method. Alfred A. Knopf.

  6. Howell, M., & Prevenier, W. (2016). From Reliable Sources: An Introduction to Historical Methods. Cornell University Press.

  7. Kyvig, D. E., & Marty, M. A. (2022). Nearby History: Exploring the Past Around You. Rowman & Littlefield.

  8. Mandell, L., & Aloni, E. (2017). Digital Humanities and the Study of Primary Sources: Digital Scholarship in the Humanities, 32(1), 65-77.

  9. Shafer, R. J. (2019). A Guide to Historical Method. Wadsworth Publishing Company.

  10. Storey, W. K. (2015). Writing History: A Guide for Students. Oxford University Press.

  11. Taylor, S. J., & Bogdan, R. (2016). Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods: A Guidebook and Resource. John Wiley & Sons.

  12. Tosh, J. (2021). The Pursuit of History: Aims, Methods and New Directions in the Study of History. Routledge.

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About Me

Brendon Patrick is the author of ‘Afghani’, a historical fiction novel, and other short stories.

Now settled in Brisbane, Brendon is a self-taught writer. Also, as a descendant of the Afghani Cameleers.

A proud Bulldog father, he also runs Bulldog Slef Publishing.

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